01 — Feeding. Pellets, granules, or powder enter the extruder through the hopper. The feed rate is controlled for a consistent supply.
02 — Melting. The material moves through a heated barrel as rotating screw(s) convey it. Heat and friction soften or melt the material.
03 — Shaping. Screw pressure pushes the softened material through a die or mold that defines the required product profile.
04 — Cooling. Air or water cooling solidifies the extruded material and helps fix its shape.
05 — Further processing. Where the product requires it, cutting or stretching is performed as the material cools or after it has been shaped.